Gallbladder surgery, or cholecystectomy, is a procedure to remove the gallbladder, typically due to gallstones or inflammation. It's a common surgery, and the most common method is laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which uses small incisions and a laparoscope (a thin, lighted tube with a camera). Open cholecystectomy, involving a larger incision, may be necessary in certain cases.

Why is it done?

• Gallstones : Gallstones are hardened deposits that can form in the gallbladder, causing pain, inflammation, and potentially blocking bile flow.
• Other conditions : Inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), biliary dyskinesia, or gallbladder polyps can also necessitate surgery.

Laparoscopic vs Open Surgery

• Laparoscopic Surgery : Minimally invasive, with several small incisions, leading to faster recovery, less pain, and smaller scars.
• Open Surgery : Requires a larger incision, typically used when laparoscopic surgery isn't feasible or safe.

What to expect

• Before surgery : You'll have a consultation, assessment, and may need to fast.
• During surgery : General anesthesia is administered, and the gallbladder is removed using the chosen surgical method.
• After surgery : You may experience some pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Recovery typically takes a week for laparoscopic surgery.
• Complications : While generally safe, complications can include infection, bleeding, or reactions to anesthesia.

Long-term effects

• Digestive changes : The liver will now send bile directly to the small intestine, and most people adjust well, though some may experience temporary digestive difficulties.
• Normal diet : Most people can return to a normal, healthy diet after recovery.

In summary: Gallbladder surgery is a common and generally safe procedure to remove the gallbladder, often using a minimally invasive laparoscopic approach.